Published Articles
A ‘Green’ Perception of CO2 — When Derived from Biofuels and Other Sources
by Sam A. Rushing, Advanced Cryogenics, Ltd. | October 6, 2025 (Jim Lane, The Digest). Yes, carbon dioxide as a green chemical – however, what about the effects on the environment and economy? Carbon dioxide is ever more a green-natured agent when applied in a growing...
Ethanol Sourced Carbon Dioxide and the Energy Sector
by Sam A. Rushing, Advanced Cryogenics, Ltd. | October 14, 2025 (Jim Lane, The Digest). In the U.S., ethanol by-product carbon dioxide is a dominant form of CO2 off-gas from all CO2 processes and source types; and this carbon dioxide is significant in the supply to...
Cryobiology and Carbon Dioxide
by Sam A. Rushing, Advanced Cryogenics, Ltd. | August 25, 2025 (Jim Lane, The Digest). The science of life at low temperatures, literally referring to cryobiology, has a number of applicable areas when considering carbon dioxide as a merchant gas. Often, this product...
CO2 as a Laser Gas
by Sam A. Rushing, Advanced Cryogenics, Ltd. | August 18, 2025 (Jim Lane, The Digest). CO2 lasers were one of the earliest gas lasers to be developed. The development occurred in 1964 by Bell Labs, and remains one of today’s most useful lasers; which some claim...
Carbon Dioxide from Ammonia Plants — An Excellent Revenue Source Serving an Interesting and Diversified Market
by Sam A. Rushing, Advanced Cryogenics, Ltd. | August 15, 2025. As of today, without the deployment of new merchant CO2 plants, there are about 23 standing CO2 plants, which are fed by ammonia by-product raw gas. This represents about 21% of the total number of...
Emerging and Promising Applications Which Lead to Reducing CO2 Emissions
by Sam A. Rushing, Advanced Cryogenics, Ltd. | August 4, 2025 (The Digest). Despite announcements whereby the EPA will no longer consider CO2 a hazardous gas; the end result from this is devastating to the environment, our economy, and our lives. On the other...
Carbon Dioxide and MAP Applications in the Food Industry
by Sam A. Rushing, Advanced Cryogenics, Ltd. | October 22, 2009 (gasworld). Of today’s approximately 20 million annual tons per year (tpy) in CO2 merchant consumption, up to 40% of this would be consumed in the US alone. Close behind would be Japan and then the...
Carbon Dioxide – Outlook: 2010 and Beyond
by Sam A. Rushing, Advanced Cryogenics, Ltd. | March 17, 2010 (gasworld). With respect to markets which have economic strength, coupled with positive CO2 growth opportunities, this would include the so-called ‘BRIC’ countries – those being Brazil, Russia, India,...
An Introduction to…CO2 Recovery
by Sam A. Rushing, Advanced Cryogenics, Ltd. | March 24, 2010 (gasworld). In the developed world, the lion’s share of CO2 is recovered from plants which produce ethanol (fermentation), reformer operations (in oil refineries), natural underground wells and to a...
Feedstocks Evolve with the Production of Ethanol
by Sam A. Rushing, Advanced Cryogenics, Ltd. | May 10, 2010 (gasworld). The future of ethanol production in the US is from cellulosic- and algae-based feedstock facilities. By-product CO2 (crude feed) from these plants will be a target of sequestration projects,...